Insulating covering



N v. 20, 1951 F. H. BRUNNZELL INSULATING COVERING '2 SHEETS-SHEET 1Filed July 29, 1947 III III. II lllll 7 I""""""'la"",l""p"l" 7 PatentedNov. 20, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE} Application July 29', 1947,Serial No. 764,518' In Sw'edcnMarch 16, 1 945 S'ection I, Public Law690', August 8, 1946 Patent expires March 16, 1965 10 Claims: 1

This invention relates tc-ihsulating coverings, moreparticularlyheat-insulating jacket's of theki nd'in which a -layer 0'1 amaterial ossessing good insulatingproperties; or low heat co'nduch ingproperties, preferably 'a porous; and-usually a fibrou material suchasglass wool or 'thelike, is covered over with a protective covering.*Asis well known; insulating jackets of this kind are employed forcisterns; boilers, steam accumulators; pipelines and the like,thermo-t'echnical and chemico technfcal apparatus-and equipment; "In"cases where it is permissible after taking into account the necessary"resistance capacity to atmospheric, chemical and other-influences,therehas been a constantlyincreasing tendency in recent times toconstruct the-protective jacket of metal late; such ens-copper,aluminium, etc; since a construction-of kind has "been found togive-favourable results both from thepoint of view of assemblyandmaintenancer Thin fibreplates have also found an extensive use:

One object of the invention ist'o'" provide aninsulatingcover of thiskind that is easyto' manufacture ancfto attach to' the wall to beinsulated Another object of the invention is to decreasetheheat'lossesdueto-the heat'conducto'rs formed by the-means for attachingtheinsulating cover to the -wall to be 'insiilated.

The -invention will" lie-more particularly de-=- scribed herewith withreference'tdthe accompanying drawings wh-i'cl'r show someforms ofconstructioma'ccordihg tothe invention by"'way"of example:

Fig, is -adiagrammatic view "of an insulating? mat-knownmerse=- whic'hl's provided withfixing q devicesinaccordancewiththeinvention:"

Fig; zris a diagrammatic section along. the line a wall for acylindrical container" provided with a. jacket in" accordance with theinvention;

Rig: 6 is a diagrammatic QIQ'SSSBCfibII' of: the part" shown in Fig: 4with units of asomewhat different construction:

FiguresT li-B are" not drawirito" scale' rorthe' sake of clearrressand".fortheirsame only. theouter" plates and their finingmembers areshown. but not: the; 13ye1 0fil'lsl11altlllg material.

iii accordance Wit'li anotherfo'rrnofconsti'uctibn.

be dispensed with. This'is not to Fig.8 is'a detail View similar toFig.-7 of in accordance with-still anothenform of cons-t n tion.

Fig; 9 shows" part of a container fitted with? 3': heat insulating'jacket built up frofrl accordance with the invention.

Fig; 10 showsa specially-favourable fofiiiof' construction for theattachrhiitof a hiring nienr her to the protective plate of a; unit. V

Fig. 11 shows a further impr'flverfie'rit' of the arrangement accordingto Fig. 10 which is' at he same" time intended toserve for fi Xi-i'ig'the insii' l'atin'g mat toiherotective plate; v

Fig. l2' 'shows a section through a init having a fixing deviceaccordance withflifigi 1 1.

If" the protective platcoiisists ofgalvaiiisedfl plate; black-oxidisedplatedr other rfietal plate, an insulating mat' imaecord rroe with-Figand 2 may suitably be used which consists form known per se, of a glass"woollayer; issewn fast-by'means-of'thifi wire"3 toa; ioiin' tion ofmetalWi're netting l. Between the glass wool layer and the netting 4'-s'maill strip'st afe ihsertedi To" facilitate welding;- these' strp'safej preferably or the samematerialas c eerees 4 protective plate; Asmay be seen from; Fi'g'. the mat prepared" in" this inann'ris laid: off"th protective plaifie 6 with the Wire Ilttihg' l' tuinb 7 towards" the"latter, whereupon the'fsjtri-iis "5" connected to'th'e protective ilateWhy a ham cf of Spot welding oints 1.

It is also possible to attach the wi'rejnettingf 4 directly to theprotectivepla'te by welding solderin by which mean the'fixing striris 5e rec mended however, as the wire nettingis shall weaklthat' there is arisk of its tangturnt a y s'o" that' no reliable connection isobtained.Fur? tfierniore, in the case OfiSD'OliYWldihg Whlbhdsa particularlysuitable for the work in question, it: is difiicult to determinewhether-a point fiasihee'ri found" with the electrode at which contactisactually established with the-material ofthe net} ting. The straightstrips employed accordingpjto the inventionareeasyto findhowever,-particulat-1y when=the strip proiects slightly atthe sides which istherefore recommended and- -ismo re;-" over indicated in Figs. 1 and-3,In this case it ie only necessary tofollow the course of= I the" sti ipwith the electrodes of the strip around the edge of the protectiveplate. By this means it is possible to employ the construction describedfor an insulating mat which is attached to the protective plate by meansof the said fixing strips even in cases Where the protective plate doesnot consist of a metal plate but of some other material, such as fibreplates for example.

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the method of procedure when mounting aheat-insulating jacket on a cylindrical container, employing units inaccordance with the invention. The wall of the container is indicated at8. As shown in Fig. 4, a start is made with one unit which in accordancewith the invention consists of a protective plate 91 of sheet metal withan insulating layer of glass wool placed on the latter.

ness. bers I01 are attached, each of which consists of an insulatingintermediate partto each end of which a sheet metal strip bent at anangle is securely riveted. The intermediate part consists preferably ofa material such as asbestos cement, synthetic resin, pressboard or thelike while the two end members may be of a material which is suitablefor fixing to the protective plate and the wall to be insulatedrespectively. The fixing members are attached at one end to theprotective plate by spot welding and are located close to two oppositeedges 91; and 912 of the plate, the said edges lying at right angles tothe surface of the .drawing, and two fixing members may suitably beplaced at each edge. The fixing members are attached at the other end byspot welding to the wall 8 sothat the first unit is firmly fixed to thewall, the glass wool layer thus being enclosed between the walland theprotective plate. For the second unit, one is selected as shown in Fig.5, the protective plate 92 of which is preferably provided with twofixing members I02 at the one edge 922 only. The second unit is placedbeside the first in such a manner that the edge 921 of this protectiveplate 92 opposite to the edge 922, will lie parallel with theedge 9 12on the first units protective plate. 91 and will project under thelatter edge with a certain margin. .The fixing member lllz is thereupon.attached to the container Wall by spot welding.

The third unit with its protective plate 93 is K fixed beside the secondunit in a manner entirely similar to that employed for fixing the secondunit beside the first. In the same way a row of units is built up toform a belt round the container, until only one single unit remains toclose the belt;

[Each of theunits is'held fast on one side by the fixing members, and onthe other side by the projecting edge of the preceding unit's protectiveplate against which it is pressed by the,

elasticity of the glass wool layer.

The thickness of the glass wool layer and the length of the fixingmember are adapted to one another with a view to the foregoingrequirement.

' As may be'seen from Fig. 4, the last remaining unit has no fixingmember. It is attached solely by pushing the two edges 911 and 911 ofthe prot'ective plate an under the edge 9(n-1)z of the penultimateunitsprotective plate 9 (n1) and the edgeSu of the first protectiveplate 91. Here also the pressure of the elastic insulating ma- Thisglass wool Iayer is not shown in Figs. 4-6 for the sake of clear- To theprotective plate 91 the fixing memterial is employed to hold the unit inits position.

jfiAlongsid'e the finished belt a second belt is fixed in the samemanner, and subsequently a members are preferably attachedtothe units inthird belt, etc. In this respect the belts may either. be made to abutagainst one another or overlap one another with a certain margin.

According to one very favourable feature of the invention the edges ofthe 'units protective plates which are intended to overlap one anotherare bent downwards or upwards in such a way that a raised edge alwaysengages underneath a bent-down edge whereby the connection between theunits in the finished insulating jacket isconsiderably improved. Thisarrangement is shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5.

Alternatively, the protective plates for the units may be provided withfolded edges by means of which the adjacent plates of the units may behooked into one another so that they cannot be separated by forcesdirected at right-angles to the surface of the protective plates. Thisarrangement is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6 where it is employed forthe part shown in Fig. 4. It is'adapted when the insulating material isnot sufficiently resilient to hold the protective plate pressed againstthe overlapping edge in a reliable manner. In other respects alsoastronger junction of the insulating covering is obtained with thisarrangement. I

l The form of construction last described will of course be moreexpensive to manufacture. Furthermore, folds of this kind can only beproduced advantageously with protective plates made of sheet metal. Thisarrangement will, however, only be employed in exceptional cases, andthe arrangement shown in Fig. 4 .Withslightly bent edges will be foundto meet the requirements satisfactorily in normal cases. a v .Fig. 7shows a form of construction with another possible arrangement of jointsbetween two. adjacent units. The edge .of a protectiveplate 9 v+1isinserted in the slot formed between the edge of the precedingprotective plate 9v and a slightly bent strip 9vz which is rigidlywelded or riveted to the aforesaid edge.

Fig. 8 shows a further form of construction for a joint in which theslot in Fig. 8 previously referred to is produced by means of a special,very narrow strip which also serves as a distance,

piece. .The following plate is provided with a special strip mountedalong the edge, which is.

intended to engage in the slot. The joint; constructed in this manner isvery similar to the joint according to Fig. 7, but, as is clearly shown,

it possesses thegreat advantage that the units placed beside one anotherform a perfectly,

smooth surface without overlapping edges. This is of particularimportance where value is placedpreviously employed arrangements forjoining plates, such as plate metal screws or the like which was adisadvantage both from the point of viewof appearance and durability. 4

.It is essential for the invention that the fixing members It! should beso constructed and at-.

tached to the units that their free ends are readily accessible forfixing (Welding in the case.

described) to the wall to be insulated, after the unit has been placedin position. The fixing samurthat their; end pmromwmemie intended for-ifixings to the; wall;- proj ectsaheyondl theepenultimate and; the.first: unit is: less than the width of a standard: unit; the: last:linihwithr" out.fixihgimembersamay convenientlybe cut to the correctsize on the site. In addition to rectangular unitsfor: smooth andcylindrical surni s: in t rm 1 ua s ded sn rallel trapezium for conicalsurfaces; r; surfaces which cannotbedevelgped,,circular. units for thepoles of doubly-curved surfacesand many other forms: may come intoquestion. a

Qi'rcul'ar units--maysuitably be provided :with three or morefixingmem-bers= depending. upon m me-when. are arranged and uniformlydistributed around thecircumference.

- Fig.9 shows apart of. a container I i with a hemispherical end wall.This container is' partially covered :witluan insulating .jacket whichconsists of units in accordance with the inven t i o ,n.,j Theillustrationshcws examples oi difierent'typesofunitswhich may beemployed: Thus in this case a circular unit I2 is employed at the poleof the end wall. The adjacent row consists of relatively small units I3in the form of an equal-sided parallel trapezium with relatively wideangles between the non-parallel sides. The following row which is stilllocated on the hemispherical portion consists of similartrapezium-shaped units l4 which however, have a narrower angle and whichmay also be wider than the preceding ones. The next row is located onthe cylindrical portion of the container, so that the units I5 employedhere are rectangular. The width of the latter is primarily determined bythe flexibility of the material used for the protective plate, and inother respects with due regard to the convenient manipulation of theunits. Apart from this, the form and dimensions of the units may bevaried as desired.

For walls forming a closed circle the units need not be arranged inclosed belts as described above but may instead be fixed to the wall ina single spiral-shaped row arranged around the wall. This arrangementmay be found advantageous for example, for cylindrical walls with a longaxial length. In this way the necessity for' In this way a considerableI On the protective plate, loop I shaped plate-metal strips I6 aremounted which,"

anez'sultablynxedvby spct'Jweldhrg-Jzat??? installingwinsulatingcoveringsfthe' emtportioxr ofi the fixing member I'll-is: simply pushedinwund'er theev loop- I62 This: arrangement I simplifies" ina sta.ati'on still further and: facilitates transport oi the".ready-cutbrotectivea plates. These: are very T'much less bulky forpacking: purposesv with, out the fixing member attached to them whichmight also cause eamageimmer respects" Ilhe fi xing members': r'nasuitab1ybe: packed sepaw l i il he arrangement according to' Fig. 10 maybe: sti urther dev'elopedby allowing. it to serve: at: the sam-etime forfastening thei'previously mentioned insulating mauto theprotectiveplate.

an example ofthisFig. :11. shows a loop I'l'which has the same functionas the loop l'6"accordin'g: to Fig. 16- but isprovided.inaddition-withfiaps l B; The cross-sectionsl lown'v in-Figr..12 illustrates; howthe wire netting: 8: referred to in" connectiom Win1- Figs 1:3 "is fixedto the. protective: plate; b bending the aforesaidflaps l8 around. thewwlrei' ire-the netting and? subsequently turningeithem down a ltogetl'ieru If no fixing member-.10v needs-.-

also be employed for attachingthefixi'ng mem bei'tomewall*tobeinsulatedyorit-may be used as a substitute.

The" inventio'rimay of" course" be" usedwnoremy for heat-insulatingjackets, but also with similar advantages for sound-insulating coveringsfor example. For the corresponding constructional parts of the units oneis free to choose the most suitable material for each form of employmentcoming into question.

For sound-insulating coverings, both the walls to be insulated and theunits protective plate are frequently constructed of a material whichcannot be welded but can conveniently be glued or pasted. Furthermore,in accordance with some other method known per se, as for example byscrewing, the fixing member may in such case advantageously be attachedby means of a paper or woven strip which is laid over the end portion ofthe fixing member and glued firmly to the plate or wall, suitably bymeans of a synthetic resin glue such as'melamine with a reactingmaterial such as formaldehyde.

What I claim is:

1. A plurality of structurally independent units for assembling aninsulating cover on a wall, each said unit comprising a cover plate, alayer of insulating material having one face thereof secured to theunder face of said plate, the opposite face of said insulating layerbeing adapted to confront the wall, a fixing member having a good heatinsulating characteristic, one end of said member being secured to theunder face of said plate at one side thereof and the opposite end ofsaid member being adapted to be secured to the Wall, the side of saidplate opposite that to which said fixing member is secured being adaptedto interlock with that side of the plate on the adjoining unit to whichthe fixing member of said adjoining unit is secured.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein opposite sides of theplate on each unit are of 7 reverse curvature thereby to establish thesaid interlock between the plates of adjoining units. 3. The inventionas defined in claim 1 wherein one side. of the plate on each unitincludes a :slotted portion adapted to receive the adjacent :side oftheplate on the adjoining unit thereby to establish saidinterlock betweenthe plates ora 1- joining units. 4." The'invention asdefined in claim 1wherein one side of the plate of each unit is provided with a stripsecured to tiTe under face of the plate and projecting beyond the. edgethereof, and the opposite side thereof is provided with a slotted"portion at the under side adapted to receive the strip on the plate ofthe adjoining unit thereby to establish said interlock between theplates of adjoining units.

I 5.'The' invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said fixing member isconstituted by two metallic end portions interconnected by anintermediate non-metallic portion having a good heat insulatingcharacteristic.

' 6. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said'layer ofinsulating, material is enclosed by awire netting that is secured to theunder face of said cover plate. 7

7. The invention'as defined in claim 1 wherein said layer of insulatingmaterial is enclosed by a metallic wire netting, a metallic strip isdisposed between said insulating material and netting, and saidinsulating material is secured to the under face of saidplate bysecuring the said metallic strip to said plate face.

i 8. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said fixing member isconstituted by two angular end portions interconnected by anintermediate portion'having a good heat insulating characteristic, andthe said angular end portion adapted to be secured to the wall projectsbeyond the edge ofsaid cover plate.

9. The invention as defined in claim-l'wherein said cover plate includesa loop-shaped strip fixedat its end portions to the under side of theplate and which is spaced from the plate at its intermediate loopportion, and saidfixing member includes an angular portion at one endthereof engaging the looped portion of 'said strip to thereby securesaidfixing member to said cover plate.

10. The invention as defined in claim 9 wherein said layer of insulatingmate'rialis enclosed by a wire netting and the end portions ofsaid'loopshaped strip include laterally projecting flaps bent aroundthenetting wire to thereby secure said insulating material to said coverplate.

FRIDOLF HENNING BRUNNZELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file oithis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Date

